Severe Emotional Disturbances (SED) Classrooms

Serious Emotional Disturbances (SED) Classrooms Independent study halls for understudies assigned with passionate unsettling influences need to make an organized and safe condition for understudies with conduct and enthusiastic inabilities to learn proper approaches to collaborate with companions and grown-ups. The last objective of an independent program is for understudies to exit and join the general instruction populace in ordinary study halls. Understudies with SEDs might be remembered for general instruction homerooms with help from an extraordinary instructor. As a rule, when an understudies conduct puts oneself in danger or undermines common companions, they might be put in independent settings. At times, when youngsters have gone to the consideration of law implementation on account of brutal or dangerous conduct, they may come back from some type of repression to a private program. Choices are regularly made on LRE (Least Restrictive Environment) in light of the wellbeing of the understudy, companions, and instructors. Since these exceptional arrangements are over the top expensive, many school areas look to independent projects to assist understudies with Severe Emotional Disturbances return the general instruction populace. Basic Elements of a Successful Classroom Structure, Structure, Structure: Your study hall needs to ooze structure. Work areas ought to be in lines, uniformly divided (perhaps measure and imprint each spot with tape) and ought to be adjusted so understudies can't make faces at one another. Trust me, theyll attempt. Homeroom rules and fortification diagrams should be plainly shown. Be certain that all materials or assets are effectively accessible, and that your study hall format requires as meager development as could reasonably be expected. Understudies with Emotional Disturbances will utilize honing a pencil as a chance to bother a neighbor. Schedules: I get straight to the point regarding the way that I am a lover of Harry Wongs brilliant book, The First Days of School, which spreads out approaches to make schedules for a homeroom to run easily. You show the schedules, you practice the schedules, and afterward you ensure that everybody (even you) follows the schedules and executes them with constancy. Schedules require an educator to envision the sorts of difficulties the individual in question will meet. Its savvy for new instructors or new passionate help educators to ask a veteran extraordinary teacher to assist them with foreseeing the sorts of issues that you will meet in an Emotional Disturbance program so you can construct schedules that will keep away from those entanglements. A Token Economy: A lottery framework functions admirably all in all instruction study halls to remunerate and fortify fitting conduct, yet understudies in an Emotional Disturbance study hall need progressing fortification for proper substitution conduct. A token economy can be planned in a manner that interfaces it to singular conduct plans (BIP) or a conduct agreement to recognize target practices. Fortification and Consequences: An independent homeroom should be wealthy in reinforcers. They can be favored things, favored exercises, and access to the PC or media. Clarify that these reinforcers can be earned through adhering to rules and proper conduct. Outcomes additionally should be obviously characterized and unmistakably clarified so understudies comprehend what those results are and under what conditions they are set up. Clearly, understudies cannot be permitted to endure characteristic results, (for example on the off chance that you run in the road you get hit by a vehicle) yet rather should encounter coherent results. Coherent Consequences are a component of Adlerian brain research, advocated by Jim Fay, co-creator of Parenting with Love and Logic. Coherent outcomes have a legitimate association with the conduct: on the off chance that you destroy your shirt during a tirade, you get the opportunity to wear my appalling, sick fitting shirt. Support should be things that your understudies really find sufficiently significant to work for: despite the fact that age fitting is the mantra of the day, if conduct is extraordinary, the most significant factor must be that it works. Make menus of suitable reinforcers from which understudies can pick. Pick or structure reinforcers that you can combine with substitution practices. For instance, a specific number of days with a specific number of focuses, and the understudy gets the chance to have lunch in the break room with an accomplice class. A specific number of day with a specific number of focuses may likewise procure an understudy the chance to welcome a regular companion to play a game in the ED room.

State, Market and Social Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

State, Market and Social Policy - Essay Example At the greater part of some portion of this paper is the arrangement of the response to the inquiry on whether we ought to be worried on advertise disappointment or government disappointment. There are wasteful aspects achieved by restraining infrastructures. One in which is that they can pull off impressive higher non-monetary (non-money related) costs on purchasers (Lewis and Widerquist 2001). For example, accepting a little nearby market for directing had only one supplier of psychotherapy. Customers who went to this current supplier's office may need to spend extensive stretches in holding up territories. This would have been the time that the customers could have spent participating in other significant exercises; thus their holding up time would be an expense. The advisor may have the option to do a few things to reduce customers' pauses, other than as a monopolist, the specialist faces no practical requests to do any of them. In light of this, Lewis and Widerquist (2001) declare that an administration has three things it can do to decrease and improve the wastefulness brought about by syndications. In the first place, it can endeavor to advance rivalry in monopolistic markets through separating imposing business models or by maintaining a strategic distance from them from shaping. This is the motivation behind why the United States has antitrust laws. Antitrust laws limit mergers (the alliance of firms so as to make greater firms) between firms that sell products in a similar market. In addition, antitrust laws additionally limit value fixing between firms in a similar market through forestalling contending firms from proceeding as though they were monopolists. Obviously, the U.S. government used antitrust laws to separate American Telephone and Telegraph's imposing business model on significant distance telephone administration, and the Justice Department has prosecuted Microsoft. Second, governments have the ability to conclude whether to allow the restraining infrastructure to endure yet direct its cost. As an application and acknowledgment, the U.S. government has utilized this answer for telephone organizations and power organizations, and neighborhood governments once in a while utilize it for digital TV. This inclination is every now and again utilized for businesses that should be common syndications. For the explanation that a gathering of littler firms would have a greater expense than one huge firm would, breaking up a characteristic restraining infrastructure would not work quite well. Then again, disregarding the common monopolist by and large is certifiably not a decent proposal since characteristic imposing business models have a similar yearning to take advantage of benefit as some other firm, in this way they will build costs higher than costs and tend to raise costs well above expenses. For example, one may believe that his/her water bill is h igh now, yet how high would your bill need to go before you genuinely considered boring a well You would most likely release it very high (as refered to in Lewis and Widerquist 2001). In this manner, if the water organization were an unregulated monopolist, it could pull off a significant expense. It is difficult for government to decide the correct cost to endure a characteristic monopolist to charge, and firms that face a managed cost have productivity issues, yet guideline might be the best arrangement, basing on the choices. In conclusion, the legislature may maybe obviously take the restraining infrastructure over and run it itself. The U.S. government

Read Harder Book Group Recap October

Read Harder Book Group Recap October October was our second month of Read Harder Book groups, and thanks to our sponsor Love Letters to the Dead by Ava Dellaira, some lucky attendees walked away with free books! Mark your calendars for November, and take a look below at some of the books the Riot community is reading. Chicago: The Sparrow, Mary Doria Russell Nevada, Imogen Binnie Americanah, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie The Thing Around Your Neck, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie If Walls Could Talk: An Intimate History of the Home, Lucy Worsley Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers, Mary Roach Alphabet, Kathy Page Silver Sparrow, Tayari Jones H Is for Hawk, Helen Macdonald A Prayer for Owen Meany: A Novel, John Irving The Shore: A Novel, Sara Taylor Nimona, Noelle Stevenson How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia: A Novel, Mohsin Hamid Life After Life: A Novel, Kate Atkinson Star of the Sea, Joseph OConnor Dark Lies the Island: Stories, Kevin Barry The Story of a New Name: Neapolitan Novels, Book Two, Elena Ferrante The Hummingbird: A Novel, Stephen Kiernan Barbara the Slut and Other People, Lauren Holmes Fates and Furies: A Novel, Lauren Groff The Gap of Time: A Novel (Hogarth Shakespeare), Jeanette Winterson New York Pandemic: Tracking Contagions, from Cholera to Ebola and Beyond, Sonia Shah (February 23 2016) Sacred Games: A Novel, Vikram Chandra If I Was Your Girl, Meredith Russo (May 2016) Knulp: Three Tales from the Life of Knulp, Herman Hesse 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (Sterling Unabridged Classics), Jules Verne LEtranger (French Edition), Albert Camus Two Years Eight Months and Twenty-Eight Nights: A Novel, Salman Rushdie The New Gods The World Until Yesterday: What Can We Learn from Traditional Societies?, Jared Diamond The Wheel of Time series, Robert Jordan A Little Life: A Novel, Hanya Yanagihara Ring (Ring Series, Book 1), Koji Suzuki Smaller and Smaller Circles, F.H. Batacan My Age of Anxiety: Fear, Hope, Dread, and the Search for Peace of Mind, Scott Stossel You’re Fine, Gina Tron M Train, Patti Smith Slouching Towards Bethlehem: Essays (FSG Classics), Joan Didion Dragonfly in Amber (Outlander), Diana Gabaldon Daughter of Smoke Bone, Laini Taylor (audio) Firefight: The Century-Long Battle to Integrate New Yorks Bravest, Ginger Adams Otis Not My Fathers Son: A Memoir, Alan Cumming (audio) Passing And the Birds Rained Down, Jocelyn Saucier The Country of Ice Cream Star, Sandra Newman We Are Not Ourselves: A Novel, Matthew Thomas Boston Daughters unto Devils , Amy Lukavics Fates and Furies: A Novel, Lauren Groff Pretty Girls: A Novel, Karin Slaughter Epitaph: A Novel of the O.K. Corral, Mary Doria Russell Alif the Unseen, G. Willow Wilson The Traveler by John Twelve Hawks Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage by Haruki Murakami A Book of Common Prayer, Joan Didion Redefining Realness: My Path to Womanhood, Identity, Love So Much More, Janet Mock Tiger Lily, Jody Lynn Anderson Peter Pan: Centennial Edition (Signet Classics), J. M. Barrie Philadelphia Dreamstrider, Lindsay Smith Room: A Novel, Emma Donoghue Wool, Hugh Howey Big Magic: Creative Living Beyond Fear, Elizabeth Gilbert NYoure Never Weird on the Internet (Almost): A Memoir, Felicia Day None of the Above, I.W. Gregorio The Dwelling: A Novel, Susie Moloney The House, Christina Lauren Neverwhere: A Novel, Neil Gaiman Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail, Cheryl Strayed The Night Watch, Sarah Waters The Paying Guests, Sarah Waters More Happy Than Not, Adam Silvera Bad Feminist: Essays, Roxane Gay The Book of Disquiet , Fernando Pessoa Regeneration (Regeneration Trilogy), Pat Barker Nimona, Noelle Stevenson Lumberjanes Vol. 1,  Noelle Stevenson, Grace Ellis, Brooke Allen, Shannon Watters Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Cant Stop Talking, Susan Cain Armada: A Novel, Ernest Cline Ready Player One: A Novel, Ernest Cline The Storyspinner (The Keepers Chronicles), Becky Wallace Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen Death Comes to Pemberley, P.D. James The Children of Men, P.D. James We Are Water: A Novel (P.S.), Wally Lamb Shes Come Undone (Oprahs Book Club), Wally Lamb World War Z: An Oral History of the Zombie War, Max Brooks If I Stay, Gayle Forman The Plague, Albert Camus A Madness So Discreet, Mindy McGinnis Between the World and Me, Ta-Nehisi Coates Fair Coin, E.C. Myers Mistborn: The Final Empire (Book No. 1), Brandon Sanderson (audio) Steelheart (The Reckoners), Brandon Sanderson (audio) Throne of Glass, S.J. Maas (audio) Houston Hunting and Gathering, Anna Gavalda Moving Through The Streets, Joseph Veramu The Proud Breed, Celeste De Blasis The Son, Philipp Meyer Huntress (A Grace Murphy Novel Book 1), Nicole Hamlett Gils All Fright Diner, A. Lee Martinez Smoke Gets in Your Eyes: And Other Lessons from the Crematory, Caitlin Doughty Odd Thomas series, Dean Koontz Ticktock: A Novel, Dean Koontz Pym: A Novel, Mat Johnson The Intuitionist: A Novel, Colson Whitehead Geek Love: A Novel, Katherine Dunn The Handmaids Tale, Margaret Atwood One Hundred Years of Solitude, Gabriel García Márquez Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers, Mary Roach Rabid: A Cultural History of the Worlds Most Diabolical Virus, Bill Wasik and Monica Murphy Los Angeles The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair That Changed America, Erik Larson OOne Hundred Years of Solitude, Gabriel García Márquez The House of the Spirits: A Novel, Isabel Allende The Girl With All the Gifts, M.R. Carey The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Elizabeth Kolbert Gone Girl, Gillian Flynn The Book of the New Sun, Gene Wolfe The New York Trilogy, Paul Auster Glasgow Jonathan Strange Mr. Norrell: A Novel, Susanna Clarke The Neopolitan Novels, Elena Ferrante Janice Galloway’s works in general Why Not Me?, Mindy Kaling Let’s Pretend This Never Happened, Jenny Lawson Furiously Happy: A Funny Book About Horrible Things, Jenny Lawson Courtney Milan’s works in general Brave Enough, Cheryl Strayed 750 Years in Paris, Vincent Mahé The Hare with Amber Eyes: A Hidden Inheritance, Edward de Waal Subscribe to Events to receive news and announcements about sitewide events, including daylong and weeklong bookish celebrations, as well as announcements of our Best Of and Anticipated  books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Death Penalty in Canada Essay - 1831 Words

Canada as a country is always in constant change. Whether it is in government, physicality, entertainment, or economy, Canada is a nation that prides on being unique and receptive to change. But when do these advancements, these abnormalities in comparison to neighboring countries, begin to diminish us as a native land? Or is there always an up side to the refinements and revisions Canada continues to make? Would this question be easier to answer if the consequences of our decisions on change were now life or death? To most, it just makes it that much more complicated. However, the topic of capital punishment is a problem that countries have continued to agonize over for decades, including Canada. So in what regards is capital†¦show more content†¦As of 2008, fifty-eight, about one-third of the world’s countries, favor the death penalty, including the United States (Death Penalty Information Center). Currently, thirty-five out of the fifty states, including Ca lifornia, Florida, Arizona, Kentucky, Texas and even Washington, have legalized capital punishment (Death Penalty Information Center, 2010). As of January 1st, 2010, 3291 inmates were awaiting their punishment on death row (Death Penalty Information Center, 2010). California holds most of them, with 697, followed by Florida with 398 (Death Penalty Information Center, 2010). The 2009 FBI Uniform Crime Report showed and stated the South has the highest murder rate of all areas of the country and is therefore directly related to being responsible for over 80% of all executions. Also, consistent with previous reports, the Northeast has the lowest homicide rate of the nation and is only responsible with a small 1% of execution (Death Penalty Information Center, 2010). Now, in regards to Canada, the death penalty is a sentencing that the country does not justify. However, it has not always been this way. It wasn’t until 1976 that the death penalty was removed from the Canadia n Criminal Act, where it was then replaced with the mandatory life sentencing without the chance of parole for the first twenty-five years. This was true for all first-degree murders (Munroe, 2010). Following that date, in 1998 capital punishment was removed from theShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment Deters Murder, and Is Just Retribution1364 Words   |  6 Pageshanding out death sentences. Support for the death penalty in the U.S. has risen to an average of 80% according to an article written by Richard Worsnop, entitled Death penalty debate centres on Retribution, this figure is slightly lower in Canada where support for the death penalty is at 72% of the population over 18 years of age, as stated in article by Kirk Makir, in the March 26, 1987 edition of the Globe and Mail, titled B.C. MPs split on Death Penalty. The death penalty deters murderRead MoreThe Canadian Justice System And Capital Punishment1713 Words   |  7 Pagesbe executed in Canada for committing crimes. Both had been accused of committing murder, Lucas for killing an officer while fleeing a robbery and Turpin for murdering an undercover narcotics officer. Both were hanged back to back at midnight and buried side by side with no marking on their graves. Lucas and Turpin were the last to be executed under capital punishment and since then Canada has stopped this practice. Capital punishment has become the subject of debate in Canada of whether it shouldRead MoreThe Abolition Of The Death Penalty1552 Words   |  7 PagesOn 30th July 2015, Yakub Memon was hanged to death in India. The act was highly condemned in the media and many called for abolition of the death penalty. He was convicted of terrorism related charges for partaking in the 1993 Bombay bombings; a series of 13 bomb explosions that caused 257 fatalities and 717 wounded. The death penalty is used as a form of punishment in the eastern hemisphere for many crimes, such as espionage, terrorism, and first-degree murder. China holds the record for the largestRead MoreOpinion on the Death Penalty Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesOpinion on the Death Penalty The death penalty, also referred to as capital punishment, has been abolished in Canada since 1976, but still exist in a few American States. The last execution in Canada took place in 1962. I disagree with the death penalty for several reasons. My first reason is that I find it extremely inhumane to take someones life in order to demonstrate the power of the law. Another reason for my disapproval of the death penalty, is the amount of money that it takes toRead MoreThe Victim Of The Criminal Justice System1622 Words   |  7 Pageswish to be more a part of the trial including the culprit. In the 1970’s victims objections and complaints about the court procedure and their absences of associations and contribution resulted in the introduction of the victim impact statement in Canada in 1988 has got us closer to getting victims formalizes their role in the trial process. A victim impact statement is an oral or printed statement provided by or on behalf of the victim at the time of the sentencing, once one is found guilty (AntonacciRead MoreCompartive Legal Systems Canada vs Usa1691 Words   |  7 PagesComparative Legal Systems (Canada vs. USA) Thesis: Canadas criminal justice system, specifically laws dealing with punishment, is far superior to that of the United States Canada and the United States of America are two neighboring countries who besides the border share numerous other key aspects. Though similar in beliefs and culture the two countries are far from alike. Their legal structure particularly the penal system is one of most significant boundaries between Canada and the United States.Read More Why the Death Penalty Should Be Abolished Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesWhy the Death Penalty Should Be Abolished   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why should the death penalty be abolished? The death penalty should be abolished because of many reasons. Many people believe the saying, an eye for an eye. But when will people realize that just because someone may have killed a loved one that the best thing for that person is to die also. People dont realize that they are putting the blood of another person life on their hands. This makes them just as guilty as the person who committed theRead MoreTaking a Look at the Death Penalty918 Words   |  4 PagesThe death penalty is one of the oldest punishments in the world. It has many kinds and always appeared with blood and fright in the history. As the world developing, we got stuck in a problem, that whether we should abolish the death penalty. We have many arguments about the death penalty at present. There are more than 140 countries abolished it. Also the 58 nations with 65 percent population still used it, like China, America, Japan. Many lawyers, judges, po litics and scholars also have their ownRead MoreCapital Punishment Is Deterrence For Crime1570 Words   |  7 Pagespeople are pro death penalty, while others are quite against it, and there are others with amphibological feelings towards the subject. One of the many different questions that originate when the topic of the death penalty arises is if capital punishment is deterrence for crime. Capital punishment stirs up a fierce debate, but over the years research has proven it is not deterrence, and states without the death penalty have a lower crime rate than states than allow the death penalty. The theory ofRead MoreCapital Punishment And Its Economic, Political, And Social Impact On The United States Of America1739 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Capital punishment, also frequently referred to as the  death penalty, is a government certified practice where a person is put to death by the state as a form of punishment for a crime they have committed (Henderson, 25). Crimes that are found punishable by death are referred to as  capital crimes  or  capital offences, and commonly include offences such as murder, treason, war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide (Henderson, 48-9). The term  capital  is derived from the  Latin term

Judicial Decision - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3033 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Topics: Justice Essay Social Essay Did you like this example? JUDICIAL DECISION-MAKING AND SOCIAL JUSTICE I INTRODUCTION The judiciaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s collective reputation for impartiality and independence is vital in maintaining the perceived legitimacy of judgesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ decisions. According to Sir Owen Dixon, this necessitates judges to accept that they should exercise their power via the techniques of legal reasoning.[1] Despite the general consensus on the importance of judicial independence, particularly from executive interference, there has been increasing criticism aimed at the extent to which judges consider issues relating to social justice in the decision-making process. In the words of the UN, Social justice is about equality and fairness between human beingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ We advance social justice when we remove barriers that people face because of gender, age, race, ethnicity, religion, culture or disability.[2] This essay argues that although legalism may lead to social injustice, th e High Court should not supersede its constitutional mandate by treating the Constitution as an instrument for promoting social justice. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Judicial Decision" essay for you Create order Although the Court can refer to and provide advice for other action to be taken to break down barriers to fairness, such considerations should not influence its ultimate decision. On the other hand, the High Court does, and should, have the ability to develop the common law to reflect social justice and change. II DIXONIAN LEGALISM AND THE HIGH COURT Dixon contended that resolving federal disputes by committing to the spirit of legalism is crucial in maintaining public confidence in the judiciaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ability to ensure that the rule of lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s underlying values of certainty and predictability are preserved.[3] This emphasis on the consistent and strict application of legal concepts is characterized by the western legal tradition. The western idea of law as an autonomous discipline has illustrated that, despite the cultural forces that shape and dictate the content of the law, legal reasoning and decision-making are sufficient without supplement from other disciplines and societal ideologies.[4] Conversely, a rigid adherence to legalism could risk serious social injustice. This is because such an approach entails judges to undertake legal reasoning without any evaluation of the implications on social issues and community necessities. Although the Justices of the Court profess to operate in a political and social vacuum, it can also be argued that their legal arguments are invariably premised on judicial biases and presuppositions. Consequently, anterior injustices and obsolete principles may be perpetuated by the conservatism of the Court. Some may opine that judges should deliberately account for issues relating to social justice to offset the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reputation for excessive legalism, but the value of the High Court lies in its appearance of independence.[5] While it is undeniable that the judiciary retains some law-making power, expressly digressing from legality and making illegitimate decisions to promo te popular political views or the principles of social justice would place the judiciary in the realm of the Parliament and create an overly-politicized court system. However, the Court is not prohibited from referencing community values and societal changes, and the underlying values and overall purpose of Constitutional provisions, where appropriate. When the text and structure of the Constitution is not compelling, cautious references and acknowledgements of non-legal sources do not necessarily denote the manifestation of excessive judicial discretion or activism. It is dubious that every legal problem that appears before the Court can be solved by mere logical extrapolation and application of legal rules and principles. The presence of some facet of activism is fairly inevitable in any judicial system: the real concern is the extent of such activism, and its prominence within the apposite legal construct. A The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Constitutional guardianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ As a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Constitutional guardianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢,[6] the High Court has played a crucial stabilizing role. Responsibility rests with the Court to uphold the rule of law and safeguard individual liberties by acting as a check on the governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s parameters of justifiable interference. The potential disinclination of ministers to respect traditions of representative and responsible government, and the possible convergence between the ideological leanings of major parties makes it pertinent that the Court sustains its avowal of apolitical decision-making. This does not mean that the Justices should arrogate to themselves the role of self-conscious advocates of social justice. Where it is intolerable for other branches of government to impinge on judicial power, it is equally objectionable for the judiciary to usurp legislative power for the sole purpose of advancing social justice. This degree of judicial activism would catalyse a constitutional problem by stri king at the root of the separation of powers. An environment in which the Court is observed to disrespect the separation of powers doctrine will only promote an analogous disrespect in the other tiers of government. Therefore, the Court should not interpret the governmental powers that are conferred by the Constitution with the intention of achieving what it perceives to be the most socially desirable outcome. In Commonwealth v Australian Capital Territory,[7] the Court concluded that the Commonwealth possessed the power to legislate with respect to marriage equality under section 51(xxi) of the Constitution.[8] Accordingly, it invalidated the Marriage Equality (Same-Sex) Act 2013 (ACT).[9] Nullifying the ACT Act may be viewed as another instance of excessive legalism and a signal of an ostensible attenuation of Australiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s progress towards eradicating the barriers that homosexuals face. However, declaring the Act valid could perpetuate the idea that states and t erritories could breach other aspects of the Constitution and effectively destabilize the balance of power across the levels of government. Given the High Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s role of maintaining constitutional integrity, such negative repercussions would catalyse the loss of the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s power base à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s confidence. Nonetheless, the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s unanimous interpretation of section 51(xxi)[10] verified the Parliamentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s potential to enact future laws in recognition of marriage equality, which would imprint a greater sense of stability than a collection of piecemeal state and territory laws. In this sense, the Court referenced social issues and included advice that could advance marriage equality in the future, but any sympathy for the cause did not influence its judgment. The Court should interpret the Constitution, especially when clarifying the various powers granted to the tiers of gover nment, with careful legal reasoning to ensure that any relevant legislation passed in response to contentious issues is constitutionally valid. In guarding the Constitution, the Court must prudently give meaning to the words within the Constitution. The centrality of law in western societies necessitates judges to continually look afresh at the provisions contained within the existing laws and allow the Constitution to develop in line with its own logic and established precepts.[11] The few explicitly rights-oriented provisions and implied freedoms in the Constitution have allowed the Court to develop the law and defend some aspects of social justice. When the Court can decipher additional individual rights within the Constitution, and where these implied freedoms can be distinguished as critical concomitants to Australiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s system of government, the Court should expose these implications. A series of cases, including Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Com monwealth,[12] have established that Australiansà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ right to converse freely with one another and with their elected representatives about public and political affairs is implied by the Constitution. While there may be criticism about the meagre sum of implied rights that the Court has enforced, it has fittingly approached such interpretations with care and restraint. In these cases, the judges take into account the individual freedoms that can be discerned from the text and structure of the Constitution. Furthermore, these freedoms are considered in terms of their imperativeness to the operation of the government. The Court has not arbitrarily interpolated rights into the Constitutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s text and has not exhibited instances of excessive activism. Consequently, these cases should not be viewed as an opportunity for the Court to extend its exercise of power by attempting to elicit and enforce other prospective rights. III SOCIAL CHANGE AND SOCIAL JUS TICE The High Court has been understandably reluctant to encroach upon areas of rights protection that were traditionally not justiciable.[13] While the western legal tradition classifies law as the major instigator of social change, the judiciary should respond to change. When community values develop, it is often due to an increased awareness of social injustices. The centrality of law in western countries, and its coercive and educative power,[14] means that society expects judges to re-evaluate entrenched principles to help extirpate outdated beliefs. A When is it appropriate? When it comes to the Constitution, it can and should be amended only through the rigorous democratic and federal formula declared by section 128. Some may believe that the Justices of the Court have the democratic legitimacy to amend the Constitution to reflect social change. In principle, the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s decisions reflect the prerogatives of the people since the executive appoints th e Court bench on the basis of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"responsible governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ doctrine, where the executive is presumably accountable to the Parliament, which is in turn accountable to the people. However, accountability to the people is not reflective of the judiciaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s competence in evaluating and responding to social trends. Instead, the High Court has accepted that it can overrule its own decisions when Parliament is not in a position to change the law in constitutional cases, and such a condition has not arisen in other cases.[15] It has been recognized that the Constitution has been read in different ways according to the perceptions of different times,[16] but there has been a lack of transparency as to the extent to which Justices should be constrained by precedent. Unlike other areas of the law where the legislature may take action to reverse the Courts holding, reversing constitutional decisions is a complex procedure and not always accomplisha ble. The practical considerations of a referendum and the meagre number of referendums held over the course of Australian history (only 8 out of the 44 proposed were carried)[17] mean that constitutional change is neither lightly undertaken nor likely to be successful. It can be inferred that the current level of social change has not warranted alterations of the Constitution. As a result, the High Court should not extend its scope of constitutional interpretation by accounting for what it perceives to be social justice, and only change the meaning of words when previous interpretations are blatantly anachronistic. Notably, the legitimacy of the extent to which the Court accounts for social justice and change differs radically with respect to the context in which it occurs. The ability of the Court to amend the Constitution is cardinally dissimilar from its capacity to develop the common law in reflection of social change. This is simply because the foundation of the common law i s predicated on judicial decisions, and the courts are entitled to continue to mould and develop such laws gradually, cautiously, and with due respect to precedent. The High Courts recognition and initial consolidation of native title stemmed from an adaptation of existing common law principles in response to contemporary conceptions of justice and international human rights standards. By proclaiming that the common law recognised and protected indigenous rights and interests in Mabo v Queensland [No 2],[18] the decision abolished some of the ingrained barriers that perpetuated the discriminatory and unjust treatment of Aborigines. However, the principle of native title was defined by the Court to be a tenuous and constricted right, susceptible to extinguishment by an expansive range of prior Crown grants and reservations of land.[19] After the recognition of a new principle of law, there will invariably be a refining and further development of the principle. Despite the intentio n of mitigating social injustice, the Court failed to develop the principle of native title to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"live up to the promise of Maboà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢.[20] This is because the common law is linked to the past, whereas justice necessitates an inventive, sympathetic, revitalization of the law. Reconciling the new principle with established doctrines, and sustaining the principles of social justice that motivated the development of the law, is a difficult process. Moreover, the Parliamentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s power to reject any developments in the common law through passing opposing Acts and amendments is a cogent encumbrance. Despite the shortcomings in the progression of indigenous rights, the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s development of the common law was a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"great leapà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ towards the recognition, acceptance and protection of Aboriginal land rights. The prospect of native title existing across vast areas of Australia became a reality for many indigen ous people, and the development reflected the increased national and global awareness of the need to eradicate social injustices. If the Court had not taken account of the injustices faced by Aborigines, it would have potentially stimulated public suggestions that the Court subscribed to archaic, racist ideologies. Moreover, if the Court had not digressed from the 200 year-old common law rule that did not protect a spouse from marital rape in R v L (1991) 174 CLR 379, the Court would have been criticized for being acutely ignorant of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"woman-centred perspective on rapeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[21] that had emerged in public and legal consciousness. When it comes to the common law, the Court should attempt to reflect changes in community values and perspectives irrespective of whether they believe the development would be effective, or substandard, in the long term. B Lower Courts When judges deviate from precedent, they carry the risk of creating uncertainty, ineffic iency and the appearance of injustice.[22] For any judicial branch below the High Court, a failure to follow precedent with proper justification would cause the decision to be overturned and the judge to be reprimanded on appeal. Lower courts cannot overrule binding precedents simply on the basis that they are inconsistent with contemporary notions of justice. Consciously disregarding an unpopular precedent, or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"underrulingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢,[23] would incite substantial uncertainty about the state of the law. Instead, a judge of a lower court can criticize the precedent that is considered to be unjust and outdated, encourage an appeal and allow the higher court to overrule the precedent. The judges and magistrates of lower courts are able to exercise judicial discretion to advance a personal notion of fairness in accordance with the principles and rules of law. Furthermore, the existence of the Family Court, the Industrial Relations Court and appeal system attempt to achieve fairness and remove legal barriers. Although judges can take into consideration the disadvantages of those relying on legal aid and interpreters, their decisions usually only influence the litigants of the case and do not significantly mitigate social injustices on a broad scale. As a result, the High Court plays an imperative role in removing the entrenched precedents that bind all the lower courts. IV CONCLUSION The High Court has a central role in guarding the Constitution and upholding the separation of powers. While Dixonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strict legalism is not always achievable, reference to non-legal sources do not detract from the legality of the Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s decisions. However, the Court should not use or interpret the Constitution with the intention of ameliorating issues relating to social justice. Instead, accounting for social issues and international standards should be done in common law cases. Despite the fact that there will always be injustices and outcries of unfairness, Australiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s judiciary has, for the most part, developed and interpreted the law carefully and legitimately. BIBLIOGRAPHY A Articles/Books/Reports Cook, Catriona, Robin Creyke, Robert Geddes and David Hamer, Laying Down the Law (LexisNexis Butterworths, 8th ed, 2012) Dixon, Owen, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Address upon Taking the Oath of Office in Sydney as Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia on 21st April, 1952à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in Judge S Woinarski (ed), Jesting Pilate and other Papers and Addresses (Lawbook, 1965) 245, 247 Handsley, Elizabeth, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ The judicial whisper goes aroundà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ : Appointment of judicial Officers in Australiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2006) in Kate Malleson and Peter H. Russell (eds), Appointing Judges in an Age of Judicial Power: Critical Perspectives from around the World (University of Toronto Press, 2006) 129 Jowell, Jeffrey and Dawn Oliver, The Changing Constitution (Oxf ord University Press, 7th ed, 2011) Parkinson, Peter, Tradition and Change in Australian Law (Law Book Co of Australia, 4th ed, 2010) Tehan, Maureen, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"A Hope Disillusioned, an Opportunity Lost? Reflections on Common Law Native Title and Ten Years of the Native Title Actà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2003) 27 Melbourne University Law Review 570 Williams, Daryl, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Judicial Independence and the High Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (1998) 27 University of Western Australia Law Review 140 B Cases Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth (1992) 108 ALR 577 Mabo v Queensland [No 2] (1992) 175 CLR 1 The Commonwealth v Australian Capital Territory [2013] HCA 55 C Other Australian Electoral Commission, Referendum dates and results (24 October 2012) lt;https://www.aec.gov.au/elections/referendums/Referendum_Dates_and_Results.htm Brennan, Gerard, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Judicial Independenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Speech delivered at the Australian Judici al Conference, the Australian National University, 2 November 1996) lt;https://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/publications/speeches/former-justices/brennanj/brennanj_ajc.htm; United Nations, World Day of Social Justice (20 February 2014) lt;https://www.un.org/en/events/socialjusticeday/gt; 1 [1] Sir Owen Dixon, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Address upon Taking the Oath of Office in Sydney as Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia on 21st April, 1952à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in Judge S Woinarski (ed), Jesting Pilate and other Papers and Addresses (Lawbook, 1965) 245, 247. [2] United Nations, World Day of Social Justice (20 February 2014) lt;https://www.un.org/en/events/socialjusticeday/gt;. [3] Sir Jeffrey Jowell and Dawn Oliver, The Changing Constitution (Oxford University Press, 7th ed, 2011) 11. [4] Peter Parkinson, Tradition and Change in Australian Law (Law Book Co of Australia, 4th ed, 2010) 24. [5] Sir Gerard Brennan, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Judicial Independenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (Speech delivered at the Australian Judicial Conference, the Australian National University, 2 November 1996) lt;https://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/publications/speeches/former-justices/brennanj/brennanj_ajc.htmgt; [6] Daryl Williams, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Judicial Independence and the High Courtà ƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (1998) 27 University of Western Australia Law Review 140, 152. [7] [2013] HCA 55. [8] Ibid 56. [9] Ibid 61. [10] Ibid 10. [11] Parkinson, above n 4. [12] (1992) 108 ALR 577. [13] Gerard, above n 5. [14]Parkinson, above n 4, 26. [15] Catriona Cook et al, Laying Down the Law (LexisNexis Butterworths, 8th ed, 2012) 146. [16] Cook et al, above n 15, 150. [17] Australian Electoral Commission, Referendum dates and results (24 October 2012) lt;https://www.aec.gov.au/elections/referendums/Referendum_Dates_and_Results.htmgt;. [18](1992) 175 CLR 1. [19] Maureen Tehan, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"A Hope Disillusioned, an Opportunity Lost? Reflections on Common Law Native Title and Ten Years of the Native Title Actà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2003) 27 Melbourne University Law Review 570. [20] Ibid 571. [21] Elizabeth Handsley, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ The judicial whisper goes aroundà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ : Appointment of judicial Officers in Australiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (2006) in Kate Malleson and Peter H. Russell (eds), Appointing Judges in an Age of Judicial Power: Critical Perspectives from around the World (University of Toronto Press, 2006) 129. [22]Cook et al, above n 15, 211. [23] Ibid 209.

Crisis in Movies Self Medicated Free Essays

His mother, who developed a drug problem of her own, was unable to deal with his behavior. He was rarely attending school and getting in fights regularly. He began hanging out with a different peer group and cutting ties with the positive influences in his life. We will write a custom essay sample on Crisis in Movies: Self Medicated or any similar topic only for you Order Now He displayed significant discomfort anytime his father was mentioned and it was clear he had not dealt with his grief in a healthy way. 2. Identify the type of crisis (Situational, Developmental, Existential). (10 pats. The crawls In this situation was primarily situational, but one could also argue that there was a developmental crisis. Andrews father died and the family, both Andrew and his mother, appeared to lack the adequate coping skills to deal with the stresses normal stress associated with being a teenage boy, and his mother the stress associated with raising a teenage boy. After the death of his father there was a developmental crisis during which Andrew was unable to successfully transition from being a dependent teenager to an independent young man. 3. Identify the material, personal, and social resources available to the individual. (10 pats. ) Based on the home in which the primary characters live it is apparent that they either are, or at one point were fairly wealthy. Andrews mother does not appear to be employed and he does not hold a Job. There is no indication of an extended family support network. Andrews mother does not appear to have any support system. They appear to be very isolated. Andrew had an abundance of negative, superficial â€Å"friends† and one female friend who had pro-social contact with both him and his mother. He is also very intelligent which is a valuable personal resource but there are times during his recovery process that it appears to interfere with his testability. Due to the fact that he resides in a large city, Lass Vegas, there are innumerable community resources available as well. 4. What were the differing perceptions of the crisis? (the client, family, community, friends, legal perspectives) (10 pats. ) The client, Andrew, did not believe there was a crisis because he did not view his behavior as problematic. His mother felt quite differently and was highly concerned with both his drug and alcohol use and his apparent inability to deal with the death of his father. After multiple failed attempts to directly address Andrews behavior, his other appoints custody of him to an extreme measures treatment facility. They kidnap Andrew and he is enrolled in an involuntary, live-in rehabilitation program for addicts of all kinds. At the treatment facility Andrew was viewed as a â€Å"problem child†. This was largely due to his intelligence and the lack of realization of there being a problem. He was unwilling to discuss his father and used his intelligence to manipulate and scheme against staff. Until he was forced into treatment Andrew surrounded himself with people who were sharing in his addictive behavior, this undistributed to his inability to realize that he was in crisis because his community group was comprised of fellow addicts. 5. Briefly, how was the crisis handled by the protagonist? (10 pats. ) The protagonist, Andrew, refused to address the death of his father, which was a primary stresses. Eventually he turned to alcohol and drugs to numb the feelings associated with the pain of his father’s death. His lack of positive coping tools eventually led to a crisis of drug and alcohol addiction. By the end of the film Andrew had accepted that his addiction was destructive and was taking steps towards cover and more importantly towards dealing with the underlying issues that had 6. Suggest several steps for your client that could be used to handle the crisis. (10 Andrew does not believe he has a problem. He needs help seeing his addiction as detrimental. One of the primary issues driving Andrews addiction is the unprocessed grief over his father’s death. He needs counseling to help him deal with those emotions and to learn healthier coping skills. Andrew and his mother also need to work through the resentment that has developed between them. Forgiveness therapy old be valuable if incorporated into family counseling. Cognitive self-change is also a valuable tool in dealing with addiction. Realistically Andrew is also going to have to deal with his legal issues before he can truly have a clean start. He also needs to attempt to salvage his GAP in order to complete high school. Due to the fact that he wants to go to college he will likely need to extend high school by a year so that he can retake the classes he did poorly in and salvage his grade point average as much as possible. 7. Suggest steps for teaching coping skills and developing resiliency (preventing the rises from reoccurring). (10 pats. ) Andrew would greatly benefit from learning how to verbalize his feelings and talk through his problems instead of stuffing and avoiding. He needs his emotions regarding the death of his father to be validated and to understand that they are okay to have. Re-involving himself in the healthy outlets he used to enjoy, like sports, would be a positive way to handle stress as well. Because he has struggled with addiction it will be very important to his future success that he complete a thorough relapse prevention program. He needs to identify what his triggers and red flag tuitions are so that he can learn steps to intervene in those situations. 8. What referral sources would be available to the client if he/she lived in your area? Specific names of organizations in your area to which you might refer your client. You might have to research your area for this. ) (10 pats. ) He could be referred to private counseling, support groups for those grieving the loss of loved ones, and drug/alcohol rehab or support groups. There are groups like Alcoholics Anonymous, Celebrate Recovery, and LIDS Family Services Addiction Recovery f or those struggling with drug and alcohol addiction. His lawyer could also push for a mandatory treatment program instead of traditional punishment for the crimes he had committed. This community has a treatment focused state prison nearby which employs the therapeutic community model for drug and alcohol rehabilitation. Because of this there are several certified drug and alcohol counselors in the area, some of which take on private clients on their own time. There are also drug and alcohol education groups such as DARE that may be beneficial. We are either slaves to sin or slaves to Christ, and the Bible is clear that to be a slave to Christ is a far easier burden to bear. Often times those things we believe to be freedom eventually become the heaviest of our chains. This can be seen in Andrews downhill spiral of addiction. He thought he was having fun getting drunk and skipping school, he was doing whatever he wanted. However, it eventually reached the point that Alcohol was all that he wanted. The desires of the flesh quickly lead us to destruction. It is my opinion that there are few things out there that demonstrate the bondage we are in apart from Christ so vividly as drug, alcohol, and sexual addictions. Addiction is the epitome of being in bondage, of being a slave. How to cite Crisis in Movies: Self Medicated, Papers

Sasa Background free essay sample

Sasa Company has about 240 of retail sale shops and counters in Asia area. Otherwise, in Asia, there have six main markets in Hong Kong, Mainland, Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan and Macau. Also Sasa Company hired around 4000 employees. It sells more about 600 brands products, include skin-care product, perfume, toiletry, hairlogist, body-care product and beauty nutrition product. t is very popular in Asia because in Sasa there have more choice to give customer to buy, sometimes Sasa also will agent some of the brand for only their company to sell out to attract more customers to buy their products. Sasa’s target customers include young female, lady and family(daily product),man, actually Sasa’s products are suitable for great majority people to use, most of the type for their product is skin-care product, it is useful for children, female and man so Sasa have a large target customers to make this company be more popular in these years. We will write a custom essay sample on Sasa Background or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The position that we have selected in Sasa Company is buyer. Buyer is a very important position in a company, it decide what, which product the company will sell in the market so buyer must very clear about what the customers need in the market what type of product will attract more. After to confirm which type or which brand of the product the company should choose, buyer have to talk with the brand company about the authority of agency, include the price, the time-limit, etc.. So buyer must have a good connect skill with people and the sense of responsibility. There have a vacancy in Sasa company because this position’s requests are very high and lots companies are need this position mostly, most the company they have be deficient in buyers, because the candidate must have more experience in similar job in the past so just can handle this job well and truly, also the candidate must have a good language culture to contact with their brand company, have a nice social contact in the related trade.